// Loader for the Macro-assembler-related binary format

#include "../idaldr.h"
#include "mas.hpp"

// undefine this to print some debugging information
// in the IDA console.
//#define DEBUG

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct gas_family
{
  uchar code;
  const char *processor; //lint !e958 padding is required to align members
};

static const struct gas_family families[] =
{
  { 0x01,     "68k"       },
  // 0x03 : M*Core
  { 0x05,     "ppc"       },
  { 0x09,     "dsp56k"    },
  { 0x11,     "m740"      },
  // 0x12 : MELPS-4500
  // 0x13 : M16
  // 0x14 : M16C
  // 0x15 : F2MC8L
  { 0x16,     "f2mc16l"   },
  { 0x19,     "m7700"     },
  // 0x21 : MCS-48
  // 0x25 : SYM53C8xx
  // 0x29 : 29xxx
  { 0x2A,     "i960b"     },  // little or big endian ????
  // 0x31 : MCS-51
  { 0x32,     "st9"       },
  { 0x33,     "st7"       },
  // 0x38 : 1802/1805
  // 0x39 : MCS-96/196/296
  // 0x3A : 8X30x
  { 0x3B,     "avr"       },
  // 0x3C : XA
  // 0x3F : 4004/4040
  { 0x41,     "8085"      },
  { 0x42,     "8086"      },
  { 0x47,     "tms320c6"  },
  // 0x48 : TMS9900
  // 0x49 : TMS370xxx
  // 0x4A : MSP430
  { 0x4B,     "tms32054"  },
  { 0x4C,     "c166"      },
  { 0x51,     "z80"       },
  // 0x52 : TLCS-900
  // 0x53 : TLCS-90
  // 0x54 : TLCS-870
  // 0x55 : TLCS-47
  // 0x56 : TLCS-9000
  { 0x61,     "6800"      },
  { 0x62,     "6805"      },
  { 0x63,     "6809"      },
  // 0x64 : 6804
  // 0x65 : 68HC16
  // 0x66 : 68HC12
  // 0x67 : ACE
  { 0x68,     "h8300"     },
  { 0x69,     "h8500"     },
  // 0x6C : SH7000
  // 0x6C : SC14xxx
  // 0x6C : SC/MP
  // 0x6C : COP8
  { 0x70,     "pic16cxx"  },
  { 0x71,     "pic16cxx"  },
  // 0x72 : PIC17C4x
  // 0x73 : TMS-7000
  // 0x74 : TSM3201x
  // 0x75 : TSM320C2x
  // 0x76 : TSM320C3x
  { 0x77,     "tms320c2"  },
  // 0x78 : ST6uPD772
  { 0x79,     "z8"        }
  // 0x7A : uPD78(C)10
  // 0x7B : 75K0
  // 0x7C : 78K0
  // 0x7D : uPD7720
  // 0x7E : uPD7725
  // 0x7F : uPD77230
};

static char creator[MAXSTR];   // program name which created the binary
static int entry_point;        // address of the entry point
static const char *set_proc = NULL;

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// output an error and exit loader.
AS_PRINTF(1, 2) NORETURN static void mas_error(const char *format, ...)
{
  char b[MAXSTR];
  va_list va;

  va_start(va, format);
  qvsnprintf(b, sizeof(b), format, va);
  va_end(va);
  loader_failure("mas loader critical error: %s", b);
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// set the current processor type according to "cpu_type".
static bool mas_set_cpu(uchar cpu_type)
{
  for ( int i = 0; i < qnumber(families); i++ )
  {
    if ( families[i].code != cpu_type )
      continue;

    const char *proc = families[i].processor;
    if ( set_proc != NULL && !streq(proc, set_proc) )
      mas_error("only one processor record is allowed");

    set_proc = proc;
    set_processor_type(proc, SETPROC_LOADER);
#if defined(DEBUG)
    msg("MAS: detected processor %s\n", proc);
#endif
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// return a segment name according to its "segment_type".
static const char *mas_get_segname(uchar segment_type)
{
  switch ( segment_type )
  {
    case 0x00:  return "UNDEFINED";
    case 0x01:  return "CODE";
    case 0x02:  return "DATA";
    case 0x03:  return "IDATA";
    case 0x04:  return "XDATA";
    case 0x05:  return "YDATA";
    case 0x06:  return "BDATA";
    case 0x07:  return "IO";
    case 0x08:  return "REG";
    case 0x09:  return "ROMDATA";
  }
  return NULL;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// write comments.
static void mas_write_comments(void)
{
  create_filename_cmt();

  char entry_point_str[20];
  if ( entry_point == -1 )
    qstrncpy(entry_point_str, "NOT DETECTED", sizeof(entry_point_str));
  else
    qsnprintf(entry_point_str, sizeof(entry_point_str), "0x%X", entry_point);

  // write name of the creator program
  add_pgm_cmt("Creator program   : %s", creator);
  // write address of the entry point
  add_pgm_cmt("Entry point       : %s", entry_point_str);
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// detect macro assembler files using the start sequence.
static int idaapi accept_file(
        qstring *fileformatname,
        qstring *, // too difficult to determine the processor
        linput_t *li,
        const char *)
{
  // read the first word
  uint16 word = 0;
  if ( qlread(li, &word, 2) != 2 )
    return 0;

#if defined(DEBUG)
  msg("MAS: 2 first bytes : 0x%X\n", word);
#endif

  // first word must match the start_sequence
  if ( word != START_SEQUENCE )
    return 0;

  *fileformatname = "Macro Assembler by Alfred Arnold";
#if defined(DEBUG)
  msg("MAS: detected mas binary file !\n");
#endif
  return 1;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void load_bytes(linput_t *li, ea_t ea, asize_t size, const char *segname)
{
  // validate the segment size
  ea_t end = ea + size;
  qoff64_t curpos = qltell(li);
  qoff64_t endpos = curpos + size;
  if ( ea == BADADDR || end < ea || endpos < curpos || endpos > qlsize(li) )
    mas_error("wrong or too big segment %a..%a", ea, end);

  // send code in the database
  file2base(li, curpos, ea, end, FILEREG_PATCHABLE);

  // set selector
  sel_t selector = allocate_selector(0);

  // create data segment
  add_segm(selector, ea, end, segname, segname, ADDSEG_SPARSE);
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void check_target_processor()
{
  if ( PH.id == -1 )
    loader_failure("Failed to determine the target processor, please specify it manually");
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// process a file record according to its "record_type".
// return true if there is no more records to process.
static bool process_record(linput_t *li, const uchar record_type, bool load)
{
  bool finished = false;

  switch ( record_type )
  {
    // A record with a header byte of $81 is a record that may contain code or
    // data from arbitrary segments.
    //
    // header      : 1 byte
    // segment     : 1 byte
    // gran        : 1 byte
    // start_addr  : 4 bytes (entry point)
    // length      : 2 bytes
    // data        : length bytes
    case 0x81:
      {
        mas_header_t header;
        memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));

        // read the header
        if ( qlread(li, &header, sizeof(header)) != sizeof(header) )
          mas_error("unable to read header (%" FMT_Z " bytes)", sizeof(header));

        // granularities that differ from 1 are rare and mostly appear
        // in DSP CPU's that are not designed for byte processing.
        if ( header.gran != 1 )
          mas_error("unsupported granularity (%d)", header.gran);

        // set processor
        if ( !mas_set_cpu(header.header) )
          mas_error("processor type '0x%X' is currently unsupported", header.header);
        if ( !load ) // we have the processor, nothing else to do
        {
          finished = true;
          break;
        }

        // get segment name
        const char *segname = mas_get_segname(header.segment);
        if ( segname == NULL )
          mas_error("invalid segment '0x%X'", header.segment);

#if defined(DEBUG)
        msg("MAS: ready to read %d bytes (0x%X -> 0x%X)\n",
            header.length, header.start_addr, header.start_addr + header.length);
#endif
        load_bytes(li, header.start_addr, header.length, segname);
      }
      break;

    // The last record in a file bears the Header $00 and has only a string as
    // data field. This string does not have an explicit length specification;
    // its end is equal to the file's end.
    //
    // The string contains only the name of the program that created the file
    // and has no further meaning.
    //
    // creator     : x bytes
    case 0x00:
      {
        uint32 length = qlsize(li) - qltell(li);
#if defined(DEBUG)
        msg("MAS: creator length : %ld bytes\n", length);
#endif
        if ( length >= sizeof(creator) )
          mas_error("creator length is too large (%u >= %" FMT_Z,
                    length, sizeof(creator));
        ssize_t tmp = qlread(li, creator, length);
        if ( tmp != length )
          mas_error("unable to read creator string (i read %" FMT_ZS")", tmp);
        creator[length] = '\0';
      }
      finished = true;
      break;

    // entry_point : 4 bytes
    case 0x80:
      {
        if ( qlread(li, &entry_point, 4) != 4 )
          mas_error("unable to read entry_point");
        if ( load )
        {
#if defined(DEBUG)
          msg("MAS: detected entry point : 0x%X\n", entry_point);
#endif
          inf_set_start_ip(entry_point);      // entry point
          segment_t *s = getseg(entry_point);
          inf_set_start_cs(s ? s->sel : 0);  // selector of code
        }
      }
      break;

    default:
      // start_addr  : 4 bytes
      // length      : 2 bytes
      // data        : length bytes
      if ( record_type >= 0x01 && record_type <= 0x7F )
      {
        check_target_processor();

        struct
        {
          int start_addr;
          short length;
        } header;

        memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));

        // read the header
        if ( qlread(li, &header, sizeof(header)) != sizeof(header) )
          mas_error("unable to read header (%" FMT_Z " bytes)", sizeof(header));

        if ( load )
          load_bytes(li, header.start_addr, header.length, "DATA");
        else
          qlseek(li, qltell(li)+header.length);
      }
      else
      {
        mas_error("invalid record type '0x%X'\n", record_type);
      }
  }
  return finished;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// load a macro assembler file in IDA.
void idaapi load_file(linput_t *li, ushort /*neflag*/, const char * /*fileformatname*/)
{
  // already read the 2 first bytes
  qlseek(li, 2);

  // initialize static variables
  qstrncpy(creator, "UNKNOWN", sizeof(creator));
  entry_point = -1;

  bool finished = false;
  while ( !finished )
  {
    uchar record_type = 0;

    // read the record type
    if ( qlread(li, &record_type, 1) != 1 )
      mas_error("unable to read the record type");

    finished = process_record(li, record_type, true);
  }

#if defined(DEBUG)
  msg("MAS: reading complete\n");
#endif

  check_target_processor();

  mas_write_comments();
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Loader description block
loader_t LDSC =
{
  IDP_INTERFACE_VERSION,
  0,                            // loader flags
//
//      check input file format. if recognized, then return 1
//      and fill 'fileformatname'.
//      otherwise return 0
//
  accept_file,
//
//      load file into the database.
//
  load_file,
//
//      create output file from the database.
//      this function may be absent.
//
  NULL,
//      take care of a moved segment (fix up relocations, for example)
  NULL,
  NULL,
};